Japan’s First Permanent Capital
Nara was Japan’s capital before Kyoto — from 710 to 784 AD — and the city retains an extraordinary collection of 8th-century Buddhist temples, Shinto shrines, and the famous free-roaming deer (approximately 1,200) that populate Nara Park. Nara is approximately 45 minutes south of Kyoto by train (JR Nara Line or Kintetsu Railway), making it the most popular day trip from Kyoto and one of the most rewarding half-day or full-day excursions in the Kansai region.
What You Will See
Todai-ji Temple is the centrepiece — a massive wooden temple housing the Daibutsu (Great Buddha), a 15-metre bronze Buddha statue cast in 752 AD. The temple hall (Daibutsuden) is one of the largest wooden buildings in the world. The scale of both the building and the Buddha is genuinely awe-inspiring.
Nara Park — the 660-hectare park where approximately 1,200 deer roam freely. The deer are considered messengers of the Shinto gods and have been protected in Nara for over 1,000 years. They approach visitors (particularly those carrying the deer crackers/shika senbei sold at park stalls) and bow in exchange for food — a behaviour that delights visitors and captivates children.
Kasuga Taisha — a Shinto shrine with thousands of stone and bronze lanterns lining its approach path through the forest. During the lantern festivals (February and August), all lanterns are lit simultaneously.
Kofuku-ji — an ancient Buddhist temple with a five-storey pagoda that is one of Nara’s most recognisable landmarks.
Frequently Asked Questions
How far is Nara from Kyoto?
Approximately 45 minutes by train (JR Nara Line from Kyoto Station or Kintetsu Railway from Kintetsu Kyoto Station). The trains run frequently.
How long should I spend in Nara?
A half day (3–4 hours) covers Todai-ji, the deer park, and Kasuga Taisha. A full day adds Kofuku-ji, the Nara National Museum, and the quieter eastern parkland.
Are the Nara deer friendly?
The deer are habituated to humans and generally docile. They can be pushy when they see food (deer crackers) — they may nudge, butt, or nip at your clothing. Keep food in your hands (not in bags or pockets), and be aware that the deer are wild animals despite their tame behaviour. Young children should be supervised around the deer.